Derivatives of the germ layers
The cells of germ layers differentiate to form different organ systems (organogenesis).

This layer gives rise to:

• the central nervous system;
• the peripheral nervous system;
• the sensory epithelium of the ear, nose and eye;
• the epidermis, hair and nails; and
• the subcutaneous, mammary and pituitary gland; ·
• the enamel of teeth.

Neural crest cells give rise to the cells of ganglia and ensheating cells of the peripheral nervous system, pigment cells of the dermis, muscles, connective tissue and bone of the branchial arches, suprarenal medulla and meninges.